Nanomedicine offers the opportunity to develop novel nano and microcarriers for targeted drug therapy, reducing the undesirable side effects. This communication will discuss about multifunctional, highly biodegradable and biocompatible, (natural) biopolymeric drug carriers, having the following functionalities: 1) protection of drugs from chemical and biological degradation; 2) control of in vivo and in vitro distribution; 3) specific cell targeting. Several type of carriers will be examined. The first type is composed of biodegradable polyelectrolyte pairs (e.g. polysaccharides) with opposite charges, subsequently dissolved to obtain hollow capsules ready to encapsulate drugs [1, 2]. Selected fluorophores and magnetic nanoparticles have been included in the coating to allow in vitro and in vivo monitoring of microcapsule fate. In order to obtain cellular targeting, specific ligands can also be conjugated to the coating layers. The second type of carriers is represented by novel monodisperse micro and nanogels [3]. These are challenging drug delivery systems for the release of bioactive molecules, able to undergo reversible volume transition, when triggered by environmental factors such as temperature, ionic strength, or pH [4]. Nanogels, internalised inside cells through phagocytic pathways, release natural or synthetic drugs inside endosomes by pH-induced polymer removal. Biomolecules and biopolymers are therefore protected and released in a controlled manner. The third category of carriers discussed is the naturally “green” and cytocompatible halloysite nanotubes [5], used as novel hydrophobic drug carriers for targeted delivery into neoplastic cells. The internalisation and cytotoxicity of drug-loaded carriers has been evaluated in vitro on different cell lines. Acknowledgments: “Con il contributo del Ministero degli Affari Esteri, Direzione Generale per la promozione e la Cooperazione Sociale ” (Large Scale ITA –USA Bilateral Project “Nano-trasportatori per la terapia del cancro”). G.L. thanks Regione Puglia for "Ritorno al Futuro" Fellowship INCANTO. References [1] V. Vergaro, F. Scarlino, C. Bellomo, R. Rinaldi, D. Vergara, M. Maffia, F. Baldassarre, G. Giannelli, X. Zhang, Y. M. Lvov and S. Leporatti Advanced Drug Delivery Review (2011), 63, 847-864. [2] I.E Palamà, S. Leporatti, E. de Luca, N. Di Renzo, M. Maffia, C. Gambacorti-Passerini, R.Rinaldi, G. Gigli, R. Cingolani, A.ML Coluccia Nanomedicine Future Medicine Lt (2010) 5(3), 419-431. [3] S. Argentiere, L. Blasi, G. Ciccarella, G. Barbarella, A. Cazzato, R. Cingolani, G. Gigli Small (2009) 4101-4103. [4] S. Argentiere, L. Blasi, G. Ciccarella, G.Barbarella, R.Cingolani, G. Gigli Journal of Applied Polymer Science (2010), 116(5), 2808-2815. [5] V.Vergaro, E.Abdullayev, Y.M. Lvov, A.Zeitoun, R. Cingolani, R. Rinaldi and S. Leporatti Biomacromolecules (2010) 11, 820–826.
Biopolymeric Carriers for Nanomedical Applications
PAPADIA, PARIDE;CICCARELLA, Giuseppe;VERGARO, VIVIANA;
2011-01-01
Abstract
Nanomedicine offers the opportunity to develop novel nano and microcarriers for targeted drug therapy, reducing the undesirable side effects. This communication will discuss about multifunctional, highly biodegradable and biocompatible, (natural) biopolymeric drug carriers, having the following functionalities: 1) protection of drugs from chemical and biological degradation; 2) control of in vivo and in vitro distribution; 3) specific cell targeting. Several type of carriers will be examined. The first type is composed of biodegradable polyelectrolyte pairs (e.g. polysaccharides) with opposite charges, subsequently dissolved to obtain hollow capsules ready to encapsulate drugs [1, 2]. Selected fluorophores and magnetic nanoparticles have been included in the coating to allow in vitro and in vivo monitoring of microcapsule fate. In order to obtain cellular targeting, specific ligands can also be conjugated to the coating layers. The second type of carriers is represented by novel monodisperse micro and nanogels [3]. These are challenging drug delivery systems for the release of bioactive molecules, able to undergo reversible volume transition, when triggered by environmental factors such as temperature, ionic strength, or pH [4]. Nanogels, internalised inside cells through phagocytic pathways, release natural or synthetic drugs inside endosomes by pH-induced polymer removal. Biomolecules and biopolymers are therefore protected and released in a controlled manner. The third category of carriers discussed is the naturally “green” and cytocompatible halloysite nanotubes [5], used as novel hydrophobic drug carriers for targeted delivery into neoplastic cells. The internalisation and cytotoxicity of drug-loaded carriers has been evaluated in vitro on different cell lines. Acknowledgments: “Con il contributo del Ministero degli Affari Esteri, Direzione Generale per la promozione e la Cooperazione Sociale ” (Large Scale ITA –USA Bilateral Project “Nano-trasportatori per la terapia del cancro”). G.L. thanks Regione Puglia for "Ritorno al Futuro" Fellowship INCANTO. References [1] V. Vergaro, F. Scarlino, C. Bellomo, R. Rinaldi, D. Vergara, M. Maffia, F. Baldassarre, G. Giannelli, X. Zhang, Y. M. Lvov and S. Leporatti Advanced Drug Delivery Review (2011), 63, 847-864. [2] I.E Palamà, S. Leporatti, E. de Luca, N. Di Renzo, M. Maffia, C. Gambacorti-Passerini, R.Rinaldi, G. Gigli, R. Cingolani, A.ML Coluccia Nanomedicine Future Medicine Lt (2010) 5(3), 419-431. [3] S. Argentiere, L. Blasi, G. Ciccarella, G. Barbarella, A. Cazzato, R. Cingolani, G. Gigli Small (2009) 4101-4103. [4] S. Argentiere, L. Blasi, G. Ciccarella, G.Barbarella, R.Cingolani, G. Gigli Journal of Applied Polymer Science (2010), 116(5), 2808-2815. [5] V.Vergaro, E.Abdullayev, Y.M. Lvov, A.Zeitoun, R. Cingolani, R. Rinaldi and S. Leporatti Biomacromolecules (2010) 11, 820–826.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.
