Thermal Performance of a 48V Prismatic Lithium-Ion Battery Pack under WLTC Driving Cycles with a Liquid Cooling System

This experimental study investigates the thermal behavior of a 48V lithium-ion battery (LIB) pack comprising three identical modules, each containing 12 prismatic LIB cells. The objective is to investigate the thermal performance of the LIB pack under real-world operating conditions using a worldwide harmonized light duty test cycle and its inverted version. Two cases are tested whose difference is the initial state of charge (SOC), 90% for Case1 and 60% for Case2. The temperature distribution within the battery pack and cooling system is measured using 27 thermocouples. The results show that external surfaces exhibit the lowest temperatures, while the middle cells experience the highest. In addition, an abnormal temperature spike in a specific cell shows external influences or internal irregularities of the LIB cell, emphasizing the need to utilize a high number of thermocouples.